{"id":811,"date":"2025-10-09T03:34:42","date_gmt":"2025-10-09T03:34:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/?p=811"},"modified":"2025-10-09T03:34:45","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T03:34:45","slug":"huong-dan-cham-soc-cay-dua-chuot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/?p=811","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t: c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<br>&nbsp;<br>S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc&nbsp;v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y.<br>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu th\u00f4ng tin dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng\u00a0v\u00e0o ru\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 khi kho\u1ea3ng 25% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ra hoa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cao v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, s\u1ef1 ra hoa, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n nhau l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i.\u00a0N\u00f3 c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3m tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e2y.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n kali \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Kali c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gieo h\u1ea1t d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 2. N\u1ebfu gieo s\u1edbm h\u01a1n, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng y\u1ebfu. N\u1ebfu gieo mu\u1ed9n g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 m\u01b0a s\u1edbm l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu tr\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e0ng, nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng quanh n\u0103m nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7, thu ho\u1ea1ch th\u00e1ng 6 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9, th\u00e1ng 10. Ho\u1eb7c gieo h\u1ea1t d\u01b0a leo cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 9, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 10, thu ho\u1ea1ch trung tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y d\u1ec5 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt nh\u1eb9, c\u00e1t pha, ph\u00f9 sa ven s\u00f4ng, gi\u00e0u m\u00f9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, d\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u1edbi, ti\u00eau.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh, trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00e0y \u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo tr\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed9ng 1,6m (c\u1ea3 r\u00e3nh), cao 25 &#8211; 30cm, r\u00e3nh r\u1ed9ng 25 &#8211; 30cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng theo 2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 gieo tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea7u c\u00e2y con. H\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m kho\u1ea3ng 7 gi\u1edd b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch r\u1ed3i \u0111em ra \u1ee7 cho n\u1ee9t nanh. \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gieo b\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng t\u00fai polyetylen k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 7x10cm\/ c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00e1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u1ebfu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ea5y m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 d\u00e0y n\u00ean t\u1ec9a b\u1edbt c\u00e2y x\u1ea5u, c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi c\u00e2y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n cho c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang leo v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t. C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i cho t\u1ed1t v\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 n\u00ean hay d\u1ee5 chu\u1ed9t t\u1edbi. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p b\u1ec7nh s\u01b0\u01a1ng mai l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nguy hi\u1ec3m, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi&nbsp; 200C) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao, b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u00e2m vu\u00f4ng c\u1ea1nh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t l\u00e1, l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi kh\u00f4 l\u00e1. B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng bo\u00f3c\u0111\u00f4 1% ho\u1eb7c Zineb 80% pha lo\u00e3ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc theo n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,4% (400g thu\u1ed1c cho 100 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3) phun ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh). Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng Ridomil MZ 72 WP phun 1 l\u1ea7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1,5kg\/ha ho\u1eb7c Alliette 80WP phun 2 l\u1ea7n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2,0 kg\/ha\/1 l\u1ea7n phun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp r\u1ea5t nhanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 th\u00e1ng. N\u00ean thu ho\u1ea1ch khi d\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, v\u1ecf l\u00e1ng m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u1edbp ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng, c\u00e0ng thu ho\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec c\u00e2y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n. L\u01b0u \u00fd khi thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp n\u00e1t, x\u00e2y x\u00e1t. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u01a1i tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t.\/.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-group\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;autoclose&quot;:false,&quot;isOpen&quot;:[]}\" data-wp-interactive=\"woocommerce\/accordion\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-group is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-item\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;woocommerce-accordion-item-1&quot;,&quot;openByDefault&quot;:false}\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initIsOpen\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-header\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header accordion-item__heading is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header-is-layout-flow\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-1-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-1\" class=\"accordion-item__toggle\"><span><strong>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng: D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"accordion-item__toggle-icon has-icon-plus\" style=\"width:1.2em;height:1.2em\"><svg width=\"1.2em\" height=\"1.2em\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M11 12.5V17.5H12.5V12.5H17.5V11H12.5V6H11V11H6V12.5H11Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-1\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-1-panel\" role=\"region\" data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-panel\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel\"><div class=\"accordion-content__wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{AAA9C5D0-4DC2-4851-B52F-4559B5968883}\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{9725D28A-8509-4024-8233-8E65A0D93246}\">C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{55A15BE8-FCD6-4B70-9DC6-A2E2F047B9D6}\">\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{C74CF215-4486-43B2-9142-A27A2B58C6C2}\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{7B455206-AF38-4A0C-BD0D-F3601332B515}\">\u0110i\u00f4x\u00edt cacbon trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{F4073049-FDC4-4BC7-8A57-1F3C98C2E820}\">H\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{02C66E50-3CAD-4BDA-97E7-D1C066F85068}\">Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{41F79778-96BA-4FAC-8923-6FB2C9DD6C50}\">Th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chung<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{810EB767-5E16-485E-A4DA-A24A1E7ABBAD}\">D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{73A35A69-6418-44EC-96E0-D60DC6473331}\">Nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{1830354E-FD40-4BA1-AEDB-5883FAABFCED}\">Hoa l\u1ee3i<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/224-huong-dan-cay-trong-dua-chuot#\/cucumber-fertilizer\/crop-guide-growing-cucumbers#{D7C25A51-18B4-4177-B37C-B712C47C1AAA}\">Thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;2.1 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi.&nbsp;N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cao v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.&nbsp;Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 khi s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.&nbsp;Th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c l\u00e1 b\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tua cu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh.&nbsp;Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n c\u00e2y v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n d\u1ecdc theo d\u00e2y d\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t t\u00e1n c\u00e2y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ee7.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n t\u1eeb n\u00e1ch 4 l\u00e1 m\u1ed7i l\u00e1 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, v\u00ec v\u1eady qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec9a m\u1ecfng.&nbsp;Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c, b\u1ecf tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn theo th\u1eddi gian.&nbsp;S\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng: sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh, th\u00e2n d\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n, l\u00e1 to, tua cu\u1ed1n d\u00e0i, t\u00e1n l\u00e1 xanh \u0111\u1eadm, qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 hoa to, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eadm.&nbsp;M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf n\u00e1ch l\u00e1 m\u1edbi ra n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a><\/a>2.2 C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng khi tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.2.1 Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed&nbsp;&nbsp;l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, s\u1ef1 ra hoa, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3.&nbsp;T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh trong 24 gi\u1edd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trung b\u00ecnh c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e0ng nhanh.&nbsp;S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec c\u00e2y c\u00e0ng cao v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1 c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf.&nbsp;M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1i \u0111a x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng 28 \u00b0 C, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0 19-20 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 20-22 \u00b0 C.&nbsp;Do \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb trong B\u1ea3ng 2.1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3 cao, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong su\u1ed1t m\u00f9a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Trong th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea5m \u00e1p (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a thu), h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3m c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 2 \u00b0 C \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng khi n\u00f3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n do t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y.&nbsp;Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh trong 24 gi\u1edd nh\u1edd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>B\u1ea3ng 2.1: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>12 cal<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Vitamin A<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>45 IU<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1m<\/td><td>0,6 g<\/td><td>Vitamin B1<\/td><td>0,03 g<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Protein<\/td><td>0,1 g<\/td><td>Vitamin B2<\/td><td>0,02 g<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Carbohydrate<\/td><td>2,2 &#8211; 3,6 g<\/td><td>Niacin (vitamin B3)<\/td><td>0,3 g<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1<\/td><td>0,5 g<\/td><td>Vitamin C<\/td><td>12 mg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canxi<\/td><td>14 mg<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Magi\u00ea<\/td><td>15 mg<\/td><td>S\u1eaft<\/td><td>0,3 mg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kali<\/td><td>124 mg<\/td><td>Natri<\/td><td>5 mg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ph\u1ed1t pho&nbsp;<\/td><td>24 mg<\/td><td>k\u1ebdm<\/td><td>0,2 mg&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>* Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ed1c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 19 \u00b0 C, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 22-23 \u00b0 C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u l\u00e0 15-24 \u00b0 C.&nbsp;Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, kho\u1ea3ng 18 \u00b0 C, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y, kho\u1ea3ng 28 \u00b0 C k\u00e8m theo c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u,&nbsp;&nbsp;nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t&nbsp;&nbsp;ph\u1ea3i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 15 \u00b0 C.&nbsp;Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng cao, c\u00e2y con m\u1ecdc l\u00ean c\u00e0ng nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00e0ng \u00edt b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1edfi c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede 15 \u00b0 C, c\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 9 \u0111\u1ebfn 16 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y con xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.&nbsp;\u1ede 21 \u00b0 C, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 ng\u00e0y.&nbsp;Ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t v\u1eabn nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1nh.&nbsp;\u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1, h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ee7 mu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1.&nbsp;Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e1t m\u1ebb s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngay c\u1ea3 khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eabn tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng.&nbsp;C\u00e2y con ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb b\u1ecd ch\u00e9t (b\u1ecd ch\u00e9t c\u1eafn l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y non).&nbsp;Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra hoa l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00f9a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e1t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a><\/a>2.2.2 \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.&nbsp;V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p, ch\u1ec9 di\u1ec5n ra khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7p l\u1ee5c (s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 xanh) trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn xanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u00e1.&nbsp;Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, v\u00ec k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.&nbsp;Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh carbon dioxide trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i carbohydrate nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tinh b\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3i chung, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quang h\u1ee3p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn.&nbsp;T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, khi n\u00f3 b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t.&nbsp;Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i, bu\u1ed3n t\u1ebb c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a thu, m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y th\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t carbohydrate th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng k\u00e9m l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ee3p, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbohydrat h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ti\u00eau hao ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong su\u1ed1t \u0111\u00eam d\u00e0i.&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u00edt carbohydrate c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong c\u00e2y trong m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y b\u1ecb c\u1eaft b\u1ecf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.&nbsp;C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u00e0o, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 carbon dioxide v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<a><\/a>2.2.3 \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao (RH) th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.&nbsp;Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed th\u1ea5p.&nbsp;C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t cao nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e1c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao bao g\u1ed3m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean c\u00e2y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.&nbsp;T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 canxi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e9p l\u00e1 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3.&nbsp;\u1ede \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ng\u1eadp r\u1ec5 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t oxy c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1ecd ve nh\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<a><\/a>2.2.4 Kh\u00ed cacbonic trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, carbon dioxide b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 400 ppm \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf.&nbsp;C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu bi\u1ec3n \u00f4n h\u00f2a, nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb kh\u00ed carbon dioxide ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8.&nbsp;Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, nhu c\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh trong su\u1ed1t m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00f3ng n\u1ef1c khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u00e9m kinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n.&nbsp;B\u00f4i carbon dioxide v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ban \u0111\u00eam khi cung c\u1ea5p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.&nbsp;Kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng carbon dioxide l\u1ecfng (kh\u00ed carbon dioxide h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t) v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n nghi \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;<a><\/a>2.2.5 H\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong ba ng\u00e0y trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.&nbsp;Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, v\u1ecf h\u1ea1t v\u1eabn c\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Khi c\u00e1c l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, r\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi quang h\u1ee3p cho l\u00e1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1ec5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Trong 1&nbsp;st&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m tu\u1ea7n v\u1eb9n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e2y con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean 15 \u00b0 C.&nbsp;N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y con k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.2.6 Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eafn, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 55-60 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 70 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>Ng\u00e0y tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.&nbsp;Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea7u b\u00ed, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 2,5-4 cm.&nbsp;S\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e2m d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 m\u00f9a s\u1edbm, c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p trong th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 15 \u00b0 &nbsp;nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.&nbsp;Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi gi\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng n\u1eafp n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng che.&nbsp;Tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 tai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch thu ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n nhau l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i.&nbsp;N\u00f3 c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt cao c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;B\u1ea3ng 2.2: C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 gieo h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi canh t\u00e1c ru\u1ed9ng m\u1edf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>Thu ho\u1ea1ch (tay)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">&nbsp;Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng (c\u00e2y \/ ha)<\/td><td>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng<\/td><td>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trong h\u00e0ng<\/td><td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>cm<\/td><td>cm<\/td><td>kg \/ ha<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u01b0\u01a1i (m\u00e1y th\u00e1i)<\/td><td>40-50.000<\/td><td>90-120<\/td><td>23-30<\/td><td>1,7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D\u01b0a chua (ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn)<\/td><td>60-75.000<\/td><td>90-120<\/td><td>15-20<\/td><td>2,0-5,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\">Thu ho\u1ea1ch (m\u00e1y)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D\u01b0a chua (ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn)<\/td><td>50-75.000<\/td><td>60-70<\/td><td>5-10<\/td><td>1,8-5,5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh&nbsp;&nbsp;n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p: 1-2,5 \/ m2 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.&nbsp;M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o l\u00e0 33.000 &#8211; 60.000 c\u00e2y \/ ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.2.7 \u0110\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t \u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt nh\u1eb9, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 pH t\u1eeb 6 &#8211; 6,8.&nbsp;Th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd ra hoa s\u1edbm \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t.&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t kh\u00e1 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t chua (pH xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 5,5).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t (5,5-7,5), nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 pH t\u1eeb 6,0-6,5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 pH 5,0-5,5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Khi \u0111\u1ed9 pH qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, h\u00e3y th\u00eam \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i nung ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i dolomitic khi m\u1ee9c magi\u00ea trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng n\u00f3 l\u00ean m\u1ee9c mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 pH trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi pH t\u1ed1i \u01b0u (6,0-6,5).&nbsp;M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 pH cao l\u00e0 th\u00eam than b\u00f9n, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng trung h\u00f2a t\u00ednh axit c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i.&nbsp;Than b\u00f9n c\u0169ng gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u1ea5t.&nbsp;Kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp nh\u1ef1a trong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u1ee7 nilon \u0111en tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t s\u1edbm v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.&nbsp;Nh\u1ef1a n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ngay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t hun tr\u00f9ng.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u1ea9m khi r\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a.&nbsp;Nh\u1ef1a \u0111en c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ean r\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng tr\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng 2 &#8211; 4 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u1ea3i b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb lu\u1ed1ng.&nbsp;\u00cdt nh\u1ea5t 50% nit\u01a1 (N) ph\u1ea3i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng nitrat (NO3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a trong tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hun tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3n quang kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i r\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n virus tr\u00ean d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ean gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp qua l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 virus t\u1ed1i \u0111a.&nbsp;Kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng.&nbsp;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-8.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-815\" srcset=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-8.jpeg 450w, https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-8-300x200.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.2.8 Gi\u00e0n m\u1eaft c\u00e1o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n d\u00e2y leo d\u01b0a leo tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3.&nbsp;Nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n cao l\u00e0m cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n, v\u00ec qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i s\u1ebd u\u1ed1n cong n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0n tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y th\u1eb3ng h\u01a1n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>m\u00e0u tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3 do b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea5t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t do c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n nhau h\u01a1n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y b\u1ecb cong v\u1eb9o l\u00e0m cho gi\u00e0n l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t c\u1eaft l\u00e1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 n\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c d\u00e2y leo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-10.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-817\" srcset=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-10.jpeg 350w, https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-10-300x201.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-12.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-819\" srcset=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-12.jpeg 350w, https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-12-300x201.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh:&nbsp;&nbsp;C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong><a><\/a>2.2.9 D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u00f3i quen ra hoa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00e1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh&nbsp;\u0111\u1ec1u ra qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n.&nbsp;Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh theo th\u00f3i quen ra hoa v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;T\u1eadp qu\u00e1n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ra qu\u1ea3 sau 60 &#8211; 70 ng\u00e0y sau khi gieo h\u1ea1t.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 24 &#8211; 27 C<sup>0<\/sup>&nbsp;trong ng\u00e0y.&nbsp;Trong khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 29 &#8211; 25 C<sup>0<\/sup>&nbsp;l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi gian nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3.&nbsp;Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 18 C<sup>0<\/sup>&nbsp;s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 cho qu\u1ea3 s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng&nbsp;d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t&nbsp;trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh&nbsp;th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p, nh\u01b0ng gieo h\u1ea1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong lu\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a h\u00e8 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a thu, khi th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi gieo h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea5m cho h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;C\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, v\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u1eddn \u01b0\u01a1m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.&nbsp;Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c&nbsp;v\u00e0 c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a c\u00e2y.&nbsp;V\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1t, m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 kho\u1ea3ng 0,5 m2.&nbsp;C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e1 ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau v\u00e0 che n\u1eafng cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2y b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e2y trong h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng.&nbsp;C\u00e1c h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch nhau 1,2 &#8211; 1,5 m, c\u00f3 c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 30 &#8211; 45 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ec9a c\u00e2y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00f4.&nbsp;Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh b\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u1eaft b\u1ecf khi ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e2y v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi d\u00e2y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00ean cao.&nbsp;Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi 75 cm&nbsp;c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.&nbsp;C\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i l\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf m\u1ed7i n\u00fat.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ec9a m\u1ecfng nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng duy nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 non k\u00e8m theo, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>T\u1ec9a hoa qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ea1nh tay&nbsp;\u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u00e2y b\u1ecb ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc.&nbsp;K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng.&nbsp;S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u00f9y theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.&nbsp;M\u1eb7c d\u00f9, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y lu\u00f4n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1t.&nbsp;H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.&nbsp;Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ec9a th\u01b0a tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u1ea5t khi n\u1eb1m trong tay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.&nbsp;Tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y c\u1ea7n c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;Th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu c\u00e2y nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.&nbsp;C\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t c\u00f3 r\u1ec5 \u0103n n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng.&nbsp;Khi qu\u1ea3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00edn v\u00e0 ch\u00edn, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o r\u1ec5.&nbsp;\u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e9o.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp theo.&nbsp;T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y trong tu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4n ngoan.&nbsp;Nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 theo m\u00f9a.&nbsp;T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e2y non tr\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1ng Hai ch\u1ec9 5-10 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 15-20 cm \u0111\u1ea5t.&nbsp;Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 m\u1ecdc v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea5p 5-10 l\u1ea7n.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n.&nbsp;B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u00e0i gi\u1edd sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.&nbsp;T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 25\u201350 mm n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra hoa v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng nubins ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3 b\u1ecb m\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed9 pH m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 5,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 6,0.&nbsp;Axit nitric, sulfuric ho\u1eb7c phosphoric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 pH n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 tr\u00ean 7. N\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ki\u1ec1m do n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 bicarbonate cao, n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 pH tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00eam mu\u1ed1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a.&nbsp;N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 pH, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kali hydroxit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>Quan tr\u1ecdng:&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;Th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u00eam xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.&nbsp;H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i (RH) trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng polyetylen tr\u1eafng l\u00e0m l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.&nbsp;\u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ed1t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cao d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, bao g\u1ed3m n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y.&nbsp;Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt trong d\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n 2L \/ h v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt cho m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1ec5 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f2i nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt 4 L \/ h, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng sang b\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.&nbsp;T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, h\u00e3y cung c\u1ea5p hai v\u00f2i nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt (m\u1ed7i v\u00f2i 2 L \/ h) cho m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c v\u00f2i phun vi m\u00f4, ho\u1eb7c phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ecdc theo h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y, v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5, s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.&nbsp;Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh do \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m qu\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbt th\u00e2n c\u00e2y.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng polyetylen ph\u1eb3ng (ID kho\u1ea3ng 5 cm), v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf c\u00e1ch nhau 10 cm.&nbsp;H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng RH nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi phun vi m\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng vi m\u00f4.&nbsp;M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00e1 r\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ed1ng ph\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ng\u1eafn, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.&nbsp;N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u1edbn, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00f9 \u00e1p).&nbsp;T\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;Th\u1ee5 tinh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.&nbsp;Canh t\u00e1c d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong su\u1ed1t chu k\u1ef3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng theo c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m suy tho\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc.&nbsp;T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n trong kho\u1ea3ng 28 kg \/ ha&nbsp;\u0111\u1ea1m, 5 kg \/ ha&nbsp;ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0 40 kg \/ ha kali. m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 cao \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y.&nbsp;Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c quan c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 phi dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.&nbsp;Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.&nbsp;\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 trong m\u00f4 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u00f4ng.&nbsp;K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e1 l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm, v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng.&nbsp;Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng&nbsp;(t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n)&nbsp;&nbsp;(b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t&nbsp;ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p&nbsp;ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3&nbsp;&nbsp;\u0111\u1ec3&nbsp;&nbsp;b\u00f3n ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 rau trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh.&nbsp;Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a l\u1edbn v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, ho\u1eb7c ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n trong dung d\u1ecbch g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi nhau, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f2i phun ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u m\u00e1y phun ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phun ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n tinh vi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a IBM \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t m\u00e1y b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t mong mu\u1ed1n n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.&nbsp;N\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.&nbsp;H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n n\u1ec1n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng than b\u00f9n v\u00e0 v\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Hai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 chung v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u00f9a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 (\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kho\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;B\u1ea3ng 2.3: L\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng&nbsp;cho d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 N: K = 1: 2 *<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">Ng\u00e0y sau khi&nbsp;tr\u1ed3ng<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">Nit\u01a1 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">Kali h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">L\u0169y t\u00edch<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N<\/td><td>K<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">kg \/ ha<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(tr\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>28<\/td><td>50<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0 &#8211; 14<\/td><td>0,9<\/td><td>1,8<\/td><td>42<\/td><td>84<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>15 &#8211; 63<\/td><td>1,5<\/td><td>3.0<\/td><td>124<\/td><td>220<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>64 &#8211; 77<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>1,4<\/td><td>135<\/td><td>243<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3ng 2.4: L\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng&nbsp;cho d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 N: K = 1: 1 *<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">Ng\u00e0y sau khi tr\u1ed3ng<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">Nit\u01a1 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">Kali h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">l\u0169y t\u00edch<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N<\/td><td>h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">kg \/ ha<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>(tr\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>&nbsp;<\/td><td>27<\/td><td>27<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0 &#8211; 7<\/td><td>1,0<\/td><td>1,0<\/td><td>35<\/td><td>35<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8 &#8211; 21<\/td><td>1,5<\/td><td>1,5<\/td><td>58<\/td><td>58<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>22 &#8211; 63<\/td><td>2.0<\/td><td>2.0<\/td><td>152<\/td><td>152<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>64 &#8211; 70<\/td><td>1,5<\/td><td>1,5<\/td><td>168<\/td><td>168<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>*&nbsp;D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"383\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-6.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-813\" srcset=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-6.jpeg 383w, https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-6-300x187.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh: Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng&nbsp;l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>Xen canh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean lu\u00e2n canh c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ecd trong chu k\u1ef3 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec 5 n\u0103m sau khi b\u1ec7nh h\u00e9o Fusarium xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1c l\u00e1 Phytophthora c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean c\u00e0 chua.&nbsp;T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.&nbsp;Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean lu\u00e2n canh d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i \u1edbt, c\u00e0 t\u00edm, c\u00e0 chua v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y h\u1ecd b\u1ea7u b\u00ed kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong><a><\/a>2.2.10 \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y h\u1ecd b\u1ea7u b\u00ed kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3.&nbsp;Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n n\u00f3i chung (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb EC cao), \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ion c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 canxi, magi\u00ea, natri, clorua v\u00e0 peclorat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do m\u1eb7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m EC cao, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0 do b\u00f3n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh:&nbsp;&nbsp;Mu\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c EC cao: C\u00e1c l\u00e1 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u v\u00e0 da s\u1ea7n s\u00f9i.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n h\u1eb9p m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xung quanh m\u00e9p l\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n s\u1ebd c\u00f2i c\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc l\u00e1 xanh \u0111\u1eadm, x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb h\u00e9o.&nbsp;M\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i m\u00f4 h\u1eb9p m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u1edf m\u00e9p l\u00e1.&nbsp;\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 n\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e1, khi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 h\u01a1i c\u1ee5p xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Sau khi b\u1ecb stress n\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 gi\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u00faa m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed nh\u1ecf b\u00ean trong l\u00e1.&nbsp;N\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec, l\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i m\u00f4 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1ea1t xung quanh c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.&nbsp;C\u00e2y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb h\u00e9o khi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea5m \u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3m tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u0103ng l\u00ean.&nbsp;N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 17% khi EC t\u0103ng 1 mmho \/ cm&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;H\u00ecnh 2.7 c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1eb7n.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.&nbsp;H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 2.8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh 2.7:&nbsp;&nbsp;\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a EC \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a&nbsp;c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng&nbsp;d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t (cv.&nbsp;&nbsp;Dina&nbsp;)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"520\" height=\"374\" src=\"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-11.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-818\" srcset=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-11.jpeg 520w, https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-11-300x216.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh:&nbsp;&nbsp;\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t&nbsp;(Ayers, 1977&nbsp;)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00f3n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n kali, tr\u1eeb ph\u00e2n kali clorua, v\u00ec kali gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9c t\u00ednh&nbsp;clorua (Cl&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf clorua t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 s\u1eaft, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n cung d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o th\u00ec s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed9c t\u00ednh clorua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"530\" height=\"373\" src=\"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-9.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-816\" srcset=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-9.jpeg 530w, https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-9-300x211.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh: C\u00e1c&nbsp;&nbsp;tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c clorua tr\u00ean l\u00e1 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee7y canh tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n.&nbsp;Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng cho th\u1ea5y khi th\u00eam natri v\u00e0 clorua v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi, r\u1ec5 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi natri.&nbsp;Anion clorua l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u1edf m\u00e9p l\u00e1, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i m\u00f4 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1ea1t xung quanh m\u00e9p l\u00e1 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e9p l\u00e1 b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y x\u00e9m v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed (ch\u1ebft m\u00f4), m\u00e0 th\u00e2n do n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3% ( !!!)&nbsp;Nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb d\u1eadp l\u00e1 s\u1edbm v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng quang h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Do s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi clorua c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a clorua, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 clorua kali (mu\u1ed1i kali (KCl), ho\u1eb7c clorua canxi (CaCl2) trong d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t tr\u1ed3ng ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a clorua l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a clorua) \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y canh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ed9c t\u00ednh perchlorate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anion perchlorate (ClO4)&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;&nbsp;c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf kho\u00e1ng nitrat t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.&nbsp;Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 trong ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bnh\u1eefng m\u1ecf n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0&nbsp;kali nitrat&nbsp;s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf Chile.&nbsp;Perchlorate l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t axit m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a enzyme RuDP (Ribulose Diphosphate Carboxylase).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng rau trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng perchlorate \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00fat 0,3% c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn&nbsp;h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng \u201c&nbsp;Bolblad&nbsp;\u201d bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;B\u1ec7nh xo\u0103n l\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n hoa c\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t do gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a glyphosate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Glyphosate l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.&nbsp;Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e1 non h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean, m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f2i c\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.&nbsp;(Xem H\u00ecnh 2.10.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh:&nbsp;C\u00e1c&nbsp;&nbsp;tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Glyphosate tr\u00ean l\u00e1 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong><a><\/a>2.2.11 S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng.&nbsp;M\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 15 t\u1ea5n \/ ha, trong khi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 350 t\u1ea5n \/ ha tr\u1edf l\u00ean trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Gi\u1ed1ng Beit Alpha c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t: 250-450 t\u1ea5n \/ ha v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng H\u00e0 Lan cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t 400 t\u1ea5n \/ ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t 30-60 t\u1ea5n \/ ha trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n canh t\u00e1c k\u00e9m, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 100-300 t\u1ea5n \/ ha trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong><a><\/a>2.2.12 Thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t&nbsp;ch\u00edn trong v\u00f2ng 40 &#8211; 50 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch sau 45 &#8211; 55 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a thu t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u1eeb khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y thu ho\u1ea1ch c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p mu\u1ed1i chua, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1i n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 2-4 ng\u00e0y, khi qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc mong mu\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t do qu\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 ch\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Quan tr\u1ecdng: Nh\u1eefng&nbsp;&nbsp;qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y s\u1ebd \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00e1i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i ng\u00e2m chua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch khi qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i 5-7,5 cm, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u1eaft l\u00e1t (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng) &#8211; khi qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eadm, ch\u1eafc, d\u00e0i 15-20 cm v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 4-5 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1i \u1edf ch\u1ee3&nbsp;s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho thu ho\u1ea1ch khi ch\u00fang d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 cm&nbsp;v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 1,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,5 cm.&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0ng.&nbsp;Trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 58 \u0111\u1ebfn 65 ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb khi gieo h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt.&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1i \u1edf ch\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng tay.&nbsp;B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1eddi gian ch\u00edn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng.&nbsp;Do \u0111\u00f3, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1i \u1edf ch\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1i t\u1eeb 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 8 l\u1ea7n trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 3 tu\u1ea7n.&nbsp;Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1i t\u1eeb 12 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f9a.&nbsp;S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n h\u00e1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m gieo h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh cung c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.&nbsp;Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1i&nbsp;&nbsp;s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho thu ho\u1ea1ch khi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 2,9 \u0111\u1ebfn 3,1.&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, h\u01a1i nh\u1ea1t h\u01a1n d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u00faa v\u00e0ng.&nbsp;Trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200b55 \u0111\u1ebfn 65 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi gieo h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00edn, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng tay ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y.&nbsp;Thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng tay ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.&nbsp;Khi thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng tay, ru\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1i t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 l\u1ea7n.&nbsp;D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 3 ho\u1eb7c 4 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.&nbsp;Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch, ru\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"384\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-7.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-814\" srcset=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-7.jpeg 384w, https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-7-300x208.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-item\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;woocommerce-accordion-item-2&quot;,&quot;openByDefault&quot;:false}\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initIsOpen\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-header\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header accordion-item__heading is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header-is-layout-flow\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-2-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-2\" class=\"accordion-item__toggle\"><span><strong>B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n NPK-S L\u00e2m Thao cho c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"accordion-item__toggle-icon has-icon-plus\" style=\"width:1.2em;height:1.2em\"><svg width=\"1.2em\" height=\"1.2em\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M11 12.5V17.5H12.5V12.5H17.5V11H12.5V6H11V11H6V12.5H11Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-2\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-2-panel\" role=\"region\" data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-panel\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel\"><div class=\"accordion-content__wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>B\u00f3n l\u00f3t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3n<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ha<\/td><td>s\u00e0o B\u1eafc B\u1ed9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai m\u1ee5c<\/td><td>15 &#8211; 20 t\u1ea5n<\/td><td>500 &#8211; 700kg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/483-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-5-10-38s\">NPK-S*M1 5-10-3+8S<\/a><\/td><td>600-750kg<\/td><td>20 &#8211; 22 kg<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u00f3n th\u00fac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/484-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-12-5-1014s\"><strong>NPK-S*M1 12-5-10+14S<\/strong><\/a><\/td><td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>C\u00e1ch b\u00f3n<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kg\/ha<\/td><td>Kg\/s\u00e0o<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Khi c\u00e2y c\u00f3 2 &#8211; 3 l\u00e1 th\u1eadt<\/td><td>350 &#8211; 400<\/td><td>12 &#8211; 14<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Khi c\u00e2y cao 20cm, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tua cu\u1ed1n<\/td><td>300 &#8211; 350<\/td><td>11 &#8211; 13<\/td><td>B\u00f3n th\u00fac ph\u00e2n xong th\u00ec c\u1eafm gi\u00e0n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Khi c\u00e2y ra hoa v\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9<\/td><td>250 &#8211; 300<\/td><td>9 &#8211; 11<\/td><td>B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o r\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e2y.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gieo c\u00e2y con<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng, c\u00f4ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, c\u1ea7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y con trong khay x\u1ed1p ho\u1eb7c khay nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 60 x 45cm v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 60 h\u1ed1c\/khay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m b\u1ea7u g\u1ed3m 40% \u0111\u1ea5t, 30% tr\u1ea5u hun ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9n m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 30% ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai m\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u1ea1t ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m 35 &#8211; 40 \u0111\u1ed9 C trong th\u1eddi gian 3 gi\u1edd, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u1ee7 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 27 &#8211; 30 \u0111\u1ed9 C. Khi h\u1ea1t n\u1ee9t nanh th\u00ec \u0111em gieo v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ed1c, m\u1ed7i h\u1ed1c 2 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t d\u01b0a gieo cho 1 ha l\u00e0 0,7 &#8211; 1,0kg\/ha (30 gr\/s\u00e0o B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 360m<sup>2<\/sup>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau cao, trung t\u00ednh, pH t\u1eeb 6 &#8211; 7,0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2y h\u1ecd b\u1ea7u b\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m s\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh. D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t k\u00e9m ch\u1ecbu trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t chua m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gieo tr\u1ed3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p: H\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 50 &#8211; 60cm, c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch 30 &#8211; 40 cm, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 27.000 &#8211; 43.000 h\u1ed1c\/ha (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 1.000 -1.500 h\u1ed1c\/s\u00e0o B\u1eafc B\u1ed9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u1ebfu gieo tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n h\u00e8 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ee5 h\u00e8 th\u00ec m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0a, c\u00f2n \u1edf v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y h\u01a1n. L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t k\u1ef9, n\u1ebfu gieo tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o xu\u00e2n h\u00e8 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ee5 h\u00e8 c\u00f3 m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng cao 30cm, v\u00e0o v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng 20cm. M\u1eb7t lu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed9ng 90 &#8211; 100cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e0o h\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh r\u1ea1ch theo h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc theo lu\u1ed1ng, h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p lu\u1ed1ng 20 cm. Cho ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u00f3t v\u00e0o h\u1ed1c, tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t. V\u00ec gieo th\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1t n\u00ean sau khi b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n l\u00f3t ph\u1ea3i r\u1eafc l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t m\u1ecbn l\u00ean tr\u00ean, sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u1eafc h\u1ea1t, m\u1ed7i h\u1ed1c 3 h\u1ea1t&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau n\u00e0y khi c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ecdc 2 &#8211; 3 l\u00e1 th\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i t\u1ec9a b\u1edbt c\u00e2y con ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i 1 &#8211; 2 c\u00e2y\/h\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng lai F1 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i 1 c\u00e2y\/h\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau gieo ph\u1ee7 r\u1ea1 l\u00ean tr\u00ean h\u1ed1c, t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1eabm n\u01b0\u1edbc. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc duy tr\u00ec \u1ea9m cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 h\u1ed3i xanh.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-item\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;woocommerce-accordion-item-3&quot;,&quot;openByDefault&quot;:false}\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initIsOpen\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-header\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header accordion-item__heading is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header-is-layout-flow\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-3-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-3\" class=\"accordion-item__toggle\"><span><strong>M\u1eb9o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"accordion-item__toggle-icon has-icon-plus\" style=\"width:1.2em;height:1.2em\"><svg width=\"1.2em\" height=\"1.2em\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M11 12.5V17.5H12.5V12.5H17.5V11H12.5V6H11V11H6V12.5H11Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-3\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-3-panel\" role=\"region\" data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-panel\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel\"><div class=\"accordion-content__wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong khi t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u1eef s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc.&nbsp;V\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0110\u01b0a natri ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y canh ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.&nbsp;C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 pH v\u00e0 EC, v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng g\u1eb7p r\u1ee7i ro.&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"NPK-S 16-16-8+6s\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Blog\/summernote-202108220908520852.jpg\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100% n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.supelamthao.vn\/multi-k%E2%84%A2-reci\">&nbsp;<\/a>NPK&nbsp;\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n&nbsp;v\u1edbi&nbsp;nitrat kali g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng natri th\u1ea5p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc&nbsp;t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf.<br><br>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 natri.&nbsp;Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 natri trong dung d\u1ecbch cho \u0103n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo th\u1eddi gian, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.&nbsp;V\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 300 ppm natri, NPK ch\u1ee9a \u00edt natri h\u01a1n t\u1edbi 90% so v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n kali nitrat n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.&nbsp;N\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 natri trong dung d\u1ecbch cho \u0103n v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ed1t pho\u00a0hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n trong ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng&nbsp;\u1edf d\u1ea1ng orthophosphat, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u1edbi canxi, magi\u00ea v\u00e0 s\u1eaft, g\u00e2y k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.&nbsp;Sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3&nbsp;cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn.&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho c\u00e2y v\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng&nbsp;k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a n\u00e0y&nbsp;t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/148-meo-de-tao-dieu-kien-bao-tri-nha-kinh\">Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kho\u00e1ng<\/a>, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n g\u1ed1c polyphosphat \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt. Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kho\u00e1ng&nbsp;c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p thu ph\u1ed1t pho v\u00e0 c\u0169ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.&nbsp;Ph\u1ed1t pho&nbsp;trong&nbsp;ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kho\u00e1ng&nbsp;v\u1eabn \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong dung d\u1ecbch ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n&nbsp;\u1edf pH cao v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a n\u00e0o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/148-meo-de-tao-dieu-kien-bao-tri-nha-kinh\"><\/a>Polyphosphat th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i h\u00f2a tan, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gi\u1eef h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng polyphotphat, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng&nbsp;nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng trong khi&nbsp;l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polyphotphat&nbsp;cao h\u01a1n&nbsp;s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, th\u00ec polyphotphat v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p s\u1ebd gi\u1eef cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd.&nbsp;Tuy nhi\u00ean,&nbsp;\u0111\u1ed9 pH&nbsp;t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i&nbsp;cao c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o ra nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung axit v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n.<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Blog\/summernote-202108220908520852(1).jpg\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Chuy%C3%AAn%20m%E1%BB%A5c%20B%E1%BB%81n%20v%E1%BB%AFng\/B%E1%BB%81n%20%20v%E1%BB%AFng%202\/chart.jpg\"><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/148-meo-de-tao-dieu-kien-bao-tri-nha-kinh\">Ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n<\/a>&nbsp;lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.&nbsp;Ph\u00e2n NPK&nbsp;ch\u1ee9a 50% polyphosphat nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 trung t\u00ednh n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam axit.&nbsp;Ph\u00e2n NPK&nbsp;&nbsp;c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a natri n\u00ean n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef s\u1ea1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi an to\u00e0n 100% cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.&nbsp;Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ecf kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kho\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 pH \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi canxi nitrat amoni th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y canh, \u0111\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.&nbsp;B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a amoni v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 pH trong v\u00f9ng r\u1ec5 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i.&nbsp;Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e2y h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhanh amoni c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.&nbsp;V\u1edbi m\u1ee9c amoni g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/tin-tuc\/148-meo-de-tao-dieu-kien-bao-tri-nha-kinh\">Ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n<\/a>&nbsp;h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 amoni, do \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t. Supe l\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p canxi thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m canxi nitrat kh\u00e1c;&nbsp;do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ee9c canxi nitrat t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-item\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;woocommerce-accordion-item-4&quot;,&quot;openByDefault&quot;:false}\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initIsOpen\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-header\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header accordion-item__heading is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header-is-layout-flow\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-4-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-4\" class=\"accordion-item__toggle\"><span><strong>C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"accordion-item__toggle-icon has-icon-plus\" style=\"width:1.2em;height:1.2em\"><svg width=\"1.2em\" height=\"1.2em\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M11 12.5V17.5H12.5V12.5H17.5V11H12.5V6H11V11H6V12.5H11Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-4\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-4-panel\" role=\"region\" data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-panel\" data-is-selected=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel\"><div class=\"accordion-content__wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Cucumis sativus L. thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd b\u1ea7u b\u00ed Cucurbitaceae; l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i rau \u0103n qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u1eafn, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t l\u00e0 22 &#8211; 24 \u0111\u1ed9 C, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2y ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3ng t\u1ed1t n\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o v\u1ee5 h\u00e8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/dua-chuot-Hanh-tay-toi-ot\/Dua-chuot1.png\">N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng 15,6 \u0111\u1ed9 C th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 9 &#8211; 16 ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1t d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t m\u1edbi n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 21 \u0111\u1ed9 C th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t 5 &#8211; 6 ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p qu\u00e1 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ra hoa th\u00ec c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a hoa. D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i rau. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cao t\u1eeb sau khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tua b\u00e1m v\u00e0o d\u00e0n cho \u0111\u1ebfn ra hoa, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Qu\u1ea3 cho mu\u1ed1i chua g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3: Qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 bao t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>* Qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ecf: D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i non, t\u01b0\u01a1i, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3: Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 6 &#8211; 11cm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh qu\u1ea3 1,5 &#8211; 2 cm (gi\u1ed1ng TN 011, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecbnh, Tam D\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>* Qu\u1ea3 bao t\u1eed: D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t bao t\u1eed ph\u1ea3i non, t\u01b0\u01a1i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e0, v\u00e0ng, cong queo. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ch\u1ed7 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 1,7cm; chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 7,0cm (g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 4 gi\u1ed1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng Marinda).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Qu\u1ea3 cho mu\u1ed1i m\u1eb7n: D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1i m\u1eb7n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u gai tr\u1eafng, v\u1ecf xanh \u0111\u1eadm, qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i (30 &#8211; 45cm), \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh qu\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng 4 &#8211; 5cm, qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1i m\u1eb7n, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u (th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3 20 &#8211; 25cm x 2,8 &#8211; 3,0cm (th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00e0i Loan, Singapore, Hong Kong).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Qu\u1ea3 cho ch\u1ebb nh\u1ecf d\u1ea7m d\u1ea5m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>* \u0110\u00f3ng h\u1ed9p ch\u1ebb 3, 4: Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 3,4 &#8211; 5,4 cm, qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i 9 &#8211; 10cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>* D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i l\u00e1t: C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh qu\u1ea3 trong kho\u1ea3ng 2,8 &#8211; 3,5 cm, th\u1ecbt \u0111\u1eb7c, sau ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/dua-chuot-Hanh-tay-toi-ot\/dua-chuot-2.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn mu\u1ed1i chua bao g\u1ed3m 2 d\u1ea1ng qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>* Qu\u1ea3 bao t\u1eed: G\u1ed3m 4 gi\u1ed1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 1 d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 3 gi\u1ed1ng F1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i Loan, H\u00e0 Lan v\u00e0 M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>* Qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ecf, g\u1ed3m 23 gi\u1ed1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f3 6 gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 3 gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb \u0110\u00e0i Loan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; D\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn mu\u1ed1i m\u1eb7n. \u1ede nh\u00f3m gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t Nam (10 gi\u1ed1ng), \u0110\u00e0i Loan (4 gi\u1ed1ng) v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (5 gi\u1ed1ng).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t cho ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00edn s\u1edbm n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc (th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn thu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u00f3m gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00edn s\u1edbm: Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn thu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 30 -35 ng\u00e0y. Trong nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng TN 011, Tam D\u01b0\u01a1ng, PC 4\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u00f3m gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00edn trung b\u00ecnh: C\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb m\u1ecdc t\u1edbi thu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u 35 &#8211; 40 ng\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng Ph\u00fa Th\u00edch, Marinda, PC1&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u00f3m gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00edn mu\u1ed9n: C\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb m\u1ecdc t\u1edbi thu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 40 &#8211; 45 ng\u00e0y tr\u1edf l\u00ean, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng Vista, S\u1ed1 266&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t: c\u00e1c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":812,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=811"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/811\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":820,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/811\/revisions\/820"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/812"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}