{"id":783,"date":"2025-10-09T02:49:07","date_gmt":"2025-10-09T02:49:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/?p=783"},"modified":"2025-10-09T02:49:09","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T02:49:09","slug":"huong-dan-cham-soc-cay-bap-cai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/?p=783","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>C\u00e2y c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata), thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 (Cruciferae), c\u00f3 t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Cabbage, Head Cabbage. C\u1ea3i b\u1eafp c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb lo\u00e0i c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp d\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nam ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 18 &#8211; 20 \u0111\u1ed9 C v\u00e0 c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t \u1edf 15 &#8211; 18 \u0111\u1ed9 C. C\u1ea3i b\u1eafp c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i: c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp tr\u1eafng, c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp xo\u0103n. C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 CB26, CB1, gi\u1ed1ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed5ng), gi\u1ed1ng Sa Pa, gi\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, gi\u1ed1ng B\u1eafc H\u00e0, KK Cross, KY Cross, NS Cross&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng cao nh\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, Sa Pa, B\u1eafc H\u00e0, Tam \u0110\u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp quanh n\u0103m. \u1ede v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc b\u1ed9, mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean th\u00ec tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 \u0110\u00f4ng Xu\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 3 v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh: V\u1ee5 s\u1edbm gieo cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 7 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8, tr\u1ed3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 8 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 9, thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11, th\u00e1ng 12; V\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh gieo th\u00e1ng 9 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 10, tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft th\u00e1ng 11, thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1, th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m sau; V\u1ee5 mu\u1ed9n gieo th\u00e1ng 11, tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 12, thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2-3 n\u0103m sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n L\u00e2m Thao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e2y b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt nh\u1eb9, c\u00e1t pha, \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 sa trung t\u00ednh c\u00f3 pH = 6 &#8211; 6,5, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 tr\u00ean 1,5%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp l\u00e0 75&nbsp;&#8211; 85%, \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 80 &#8211; 90%. Khi g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 90% k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 3 &#8211; 5 ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"9\"><strong>Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"8\"><strong>Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/strong><strong>(cho ra m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5n b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"4\">%<\/td><td colspan=\"5\">ppm<\/td><td colspan=\"8\">Kg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">\u0110\u00e3 th\u00e0nh b\u1eafp<\/td><td>N<\/td><td>P<\/td><td>K<\/td><td>MG&nbsp;<\/td><td>CA<\/td><td>S<\/td><td>FE<\/td><td>Mn<\/td><td>Zn<\/td><td>Cu<\/td><td>B<\/td><td>Mo<\/td><td>N<\/td><td>P<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub><\/td><td>K<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/td><td>MgO<\/td><td>CaO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3.3<\/td><td>0.5<\/td><td>3.1<\/td><td>0.4<\/td><td>1.6<\/td><td>0.2<\/td><td>19<\/td><td>10<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>17<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>3.75<\/td><td>1.23<\/td><td>4.30<\/td><td>0.05<\/td><td>0.21<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u1ea3i b\u1eafp c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 kali, l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p 2 &#8211; 3 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi l\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n L\u00e2m Thao NPK-S<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nh\u01b0 sau<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"2\"><strong>Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\"><strong>T\u00ednh tr\u00ean 1ha<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\"><strong>T\u00ednh tr\u00ean 1 s\u00e0o B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 (360 m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B\u00f3n l\u00f3t<\/td><td>B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 1(sau tr\u1ed3ng 20 \u2013 25 ng\u00e0y)<\/td><td>B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 2(khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ea3i l\u00e1 b\u00e0ng)<\/td><td>B\u00f3n l\u00f3t<\/td><td>B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 1(sau tr\u1ed3ng 20 \u2013 25 ng\u00e0y)<\/td><td>B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 2(khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ea3i l\u00e1 b\u00e0ng)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng<\/td><td>14 \u2013 20 t\u1ea5n<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0,5 \u2013 0,7 t\u1ea5n<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/483-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-5-10-38s\">NPK-S*M1<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/483-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-5-10-38s\">5-10-3+8<\/a>S<\/td><td>500 \u2013 610 kg<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>18 \u2013 22 kg<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/484-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-12-5-1014s\">NPK-S*M1<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/484-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-12-5-1014s\">12-5-10+14<\/a>S ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/485-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-10-5-59s\">NPK-S*M1<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/485-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-10-5-59s\">10-5-10+5<\/a>S<\/td><td><\/td><td>360 \u2013 500 kg<\/td><td>610 \u2013 690 kg<\/td><td><\/td><td>13 \u2013 18 kg<\/td><td>22 \u2013 25 kg<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh 2<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3n cho 1 s\u00e0o B\u1eafc b\u1ed9 kg\/360m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>B\u00f3n l\u00f3t<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 2<\/strong><strong>(Sau tr\u1ed3ng 20\u00f725 ng\u00e0y)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 3<\/strong><strong>(Sau tr\u1ed3ng 45\u00f750 ng\u00e0y)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng<\/td><td>500\u00f7700<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/483-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-5-10-38s\">NPK-S*M1 5-10-3+8<\/a>S<\/td><td>18\u00f720<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/494-phan-bon-npk-s-lam-thao-16-8-164s\">NPK-S 16-8-16+4<\/a>S<\/td><td><\/td><td>10\u00f715<\/td><td>17\u00f719<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed9ng 1,0 &#8211; 1,2 m, lu\u1ed1ng cao 15 &#8211; 20 cm. Tr\u1ed3ng h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng 50 cm, c\u00e2y c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y 35 &#8211; 40 cm ho\u1eb7c 50 cm t\u00f9y theo gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eafp to hay nh\u1ecf. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 28-35-40 ngh\u00ecn c\u00e2y\/ha. R\u1ea1ch 2 h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc theo lu\u1ed1ng, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n l\u00f3t, tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u1ea5p l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng r\u1ed3i tr\u1ed3ng theo ki\u1ec3u nanh s\u1ea5u. T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m sau tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e2y b\u00e9n r\u1ec5, h\u1ed3i xanh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u1ea2NH H\u01af\u1edeNG C\u1ee6A PH\u00c2N POLYSULPHATE T\u1edaI N\u0102NG SU\u1ea4T M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 LO\u1ea0I C\u00c2Y TR\u1ed2NG TR\u00caN \u0110\u1ea4T X\u00c1M B\u1ea0C M\u00c0U \u1ede MI\u1ec0N B\u1eaeC VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea5t x\u00e1m b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam tuy c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn (kho\u1ea3ng 230.000 ha), nh\u01b0ng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac, B\u1eafc Giang, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (H\u1ed3 Quang \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ctv., 2012). Nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t x\u00e1m b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u cho th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ea5t x\u00e1m b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u tuy c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cao n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u&nbsp;qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng (Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c V\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ctv., 2014). V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u00e1m b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n polysulphate t\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ng\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u00e1m b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/136-supe-lan\">l\u00e2n Supe L\u00e2m Thao<\/a>&nbsp;16,5% P2 O5; Ph\u00e2n polysulphate c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty ICL Ixrael (19,2% S; 12,2% Ca; 11,6% K v\u00e0 3,6% Mg); \u0111\u1ea1m ur\u00ea 46% N; DAP 16% N v\u00e0 46% P2 O5 ; kali clorua 60% K2 O; ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7 hoai m\u1ee5c. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean&nbsp;T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam &#8211; S\u1ed1 4(89)\/2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipipotash.org\/uploads\/udocs\/effects-of-polysulphate-fertilizer-on-several-crops-on-degraded-soil-in-northern-vietnam.pdf\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipipotash.org\/uploads\/udocs\/effects-of-polysulphate-fertilizer-on-several-crops-on-degraded-soil-in-northern-vietnam.pdf\">\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i m\u00e8o \u1edf huy\u1ec7n B\u1eafc H\u00e0-L\u00e0o Cai<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e0i b\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i m\u00e8o t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n B\u1eafc H\u00e0. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo kh\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi 5 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 4 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u0110\u00f4ng &#8211; t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2015 t\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2016) v\u00e0 9 m\u1ee9c b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng gieo th\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 8 m\u1ee9c b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y con (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 H\u00e8 &#8211; t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2016 t\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2016) cho m\u1ed7i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n b\u00f3n l\u00e2n v\u00e0 kali \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1ee5 \u0110\u00f4ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i l\u00e0 210 kg N\/ha v\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3i m\u00e8o l\u00e0 180 kg N\/ha. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m b\u00f3n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u1ea3i m\u00e8o gieo th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y con trong v\u1ee5 H\u00e8 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 tr\u00ean 150 kg N\/ha v\u00e0 240 &#8211; 280 kg N\/ha. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i m\u00e8o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean cao, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i m\u00e8o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a ra khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/tapchi.vaas.vn\/vi\/tap-chi\/nghien-cuu-hieu-luc-cua-phan-dam-bon-cho-rau-bap-cai-va-cai-meo-tai-huyen-bac-ha-tinh-lao\">\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-group\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;autoclose&quot;:false,&quot;isOpen&quot;:[]}\" data-wp-interactive=\"woocommerce\/accordion\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-group is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-item\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;woocommerce-accordion-item-1&quot;,&quot;openByDefault&quot;:false}\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initIsOpen\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-header\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header accordion-item__heading is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header-is-layout-flow\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-1-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-1\" class=\"accordion-item__toggle\"><span><strong>Kali l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"accordion-item__toggle-icon has-icon-plus\" style=\"width:1.2em;height:1.2em\"><svg width=\"1.2em\" height=\"1.2em\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M11 12.5V17.5H12.5V12.5H17.5V11H12.5V6H11V11H6V12.5H11Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-1\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-1-panel\" role=\"region\" data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-panel\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel\"><div class=\"accordion-content__wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 kali tr\u00ean sinh tr\u1eafc h\u1ecdc b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1m (N) v\u00e0 kali (K) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t; do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n N v\u00e0 K tr\u00ean sinh tr\u1eafc h\u1ecdc b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u0129 m\u00f4 v\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1ed1n li\u1ec1u N (0, 75, 150, 300 kg ha-1 c\u1ee7a N) v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n li\u1ec1u K (0, 75, 150, 300 kg ha-1 c\u1ee7a K2O). Sinh tr\u1eafc h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i (chi\u1ec1u cao, chu vi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh) v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u0129 m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u00f3n N kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mg trong l\u00e1 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf 88 kg ha-1 K2O, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mg trong l\u00e1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Zn tr\u00ean l\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m sau 133 kg ha-1 K2O. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu vi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m khi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K2O t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 128 kg ha-1 K2O. Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 K&gt; Ca&gt; N&gt; S&gt; Mg&gt; P v\u00e0 Mn&gt; Fe&gt; B&gt; Zn&gt; Cu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3n.Keywords: Brassica oleracea var. capitata, crop yield, plant mineral nutrition<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ecd C\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 n\u0103m [1]. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 ng\u1eafn, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1ec5 n\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng [2]. C\u00e2y b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Nit\u01a1 (N) v\u00e0 kali (K) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t [3; 4].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>A.C.M.M. Silva v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, Scientia Plena 17, 010201 (2021) 2<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo Wang et al. (2013) [4], K c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a cacbohydrat, n\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (\u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i). Domingues Neto v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. (2016) [5] b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, l\u00e0 N c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn (\u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u1edbn) m\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Duarte v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. (2019) [6] b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n theo khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao h\u01a1n. Theo Zhang v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. (2010) [7], vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd N hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu h\u1ed3i ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N v\u00e0 K trong sinh tr\u1eafc h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u0129 m\u00f4 v\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. &nbsp;V\u1eacT LI\u1ec6U V\u00c0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Li\u00ean bang c\u1ee7a Tri\u00e2ngulo Mineiro (IFTM), Brazil. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 19\u00ba39\u201919 \u201dS v\u00e0 47\u00ba57\u201927\u201d W, 800 m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a K\u00f6ppen, l\u00e0 Aw (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u1ea9m, v\u1edbi m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4) [8]. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 672,68 mm v\u00e0 23,8 \u00baC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i Latosol \u0111\u1ecf Dystrophic c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u trung b\u00ecnh (21% s\u00e9t) [9]. Khu v\u1ef1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t rau trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n nay, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 b\u1eafp xanh. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t 0-0,2 m, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1edfi Raij v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. (2001) [10]. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong B\u1ea3ng 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3ng 1.&nbsp;\u0110\u1eb7c&nbsp;\u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a&nbsp;\u0111\u1ea5t&nbsp;\u1edf&nbsp;t\u1ea7ng&nbsp;\u0111\u1ea5t 0-0,2 m<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-kali-c.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dung d\u1ecbch Ca, Mg, Al = KCl (1 mol L-1); Dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec7m H + Al = SMP (pH 7,5); BS = t\u1ed5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf (cmolc dm- 3); CEC = kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i cation \u1edf pH 7; V = \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e3o h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a baz\u01a1; K = 0,05 mol L-1 HCl + H2SO4 0,0125 mol L-1; P = nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng; S = canxi photphat; S.O.M. = ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong \u0111\u1ea5t (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so m\u00e0u). Axit B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn = DTPA. Ngu\u1ed3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn: [10].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Theo ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e3o h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00ean 70% theo khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00ec c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5t [11] cho b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i. V\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i nung (RPTN = 120), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 theo li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy nh\u1ea5t (1.600 kg ha-1), v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 0-0,2 m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t. (A.C.M.M. Silva v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, Scientia Plena 17, 010201 (2021) 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giai th\u1eeba 4 \u00d7 4, l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n li\u1ec1u N (0, 75, 150 v\u00e0 300 kg ha-1 N) v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n li\u1ec1u K (0, 75, 150 v\u00e0 300 kg ha-1 c\u1ee7a K2O). C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p N v\u00e0 K t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 ur\u00ea (45% N) v\u00e0 clorua kali (56% K2O).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho \u0111\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n ra hai ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y con, v\u00e0 300 kg ha-1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng P2O5 v\u00e0 20% li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N v\u00e0 K \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. Li\u1ec1u N v\u00e0 K c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong ba th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m: 20% li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho 15 ng\u00e0y sau khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y con, 30% b\u00f3n 15 ng\u00e0y sau l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 30% b\u00f3n 15 ng\u00e0y sau l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n th\u00fac th\u1ee9 hai. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, ba l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi bo (B, 1 g L-1 axit boric) v\u00e0 molypden (Mo, 0,5 g L-1 amoni molybdate) \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4ng qua b\u00f3n l\u00e1. C\u00e1c l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n B v\u00e0 Mo l\u00e0 20 ng\u00e0y sau khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3i v\u00e0 15 v\u00e0 30 ng\u00e0y sau khi c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y con. M\u1ed7i \u00f4 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 3,5 m v\u00e0 hai d\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, m\u1ed7i d\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng 7 c\u00e2y (m\u1ed7i \u00f4 14 c\u00e2y). Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 0,8 m v\u00e0 0,5 m. Gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 F\u00eanix (Sakata\u00ae), m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u trung b\u00ecnh, d\u1ea1ng b\u00e1n d\u1eb9t, kh\u00e1ng Xanthomonas campestris pv \u1edf m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh. th\u00e2n l\u00e1, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh 3 kg, chu k\u1ef3 110 ng\u00e0y, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t n\u1ebb cao. Vi\u1ec7c gieo h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2016, trong khay polystyrene v\u1edbi 128 \u00f4, ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng rau. C\u00e1c khay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 sau khi gieo h\u1ea1t 35 ng\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u1ea5y c\u00e2y con ra khu v\u1ef1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t KDTV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh nhu c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh. C\u1ecf d\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phun v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ng\u1ecdn, c\u00e1c l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i \u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i do Trani v\u00e0 Raij (1997) [12] \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. L\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 (N, P, K, Ca, S, Mg, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn). Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p do Carmo et al \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. (2000) [13].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;V\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2016, sau 83 ng\u00e0y sau khi c\u1ea5y, khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Trong m\u1ed7i l\u00f4, t\u00e1m c\u00e2y trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u00e1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 (CML) v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u00e1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1) (CCH). Chi\u1ec1u cao, chu vi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1edbi ANOVA v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ed3i quy (p &lt;0,05), s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u00f3i ExpDes c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea R. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. &nbsp;K\u1ebeT QU\u1ea2 V\u00c0 TH\u1ea2O LU\u1eacN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 (b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n N v\u00e0 K) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Tr\u1eeb Mg v\u00e0 Zn v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00f3n K (B\u1ea3ng 2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Mg v\u00e0 Zn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111a th\u1ee9c b\u1eadc hai ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K2O (H\u00ecnh 1). H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mg th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 88 kg ha-1 K2O, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mg trong l\u00e1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng K \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Mg [14]. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong m\u1ee9c Mg. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 Zn tr\u00ean l\u00e1 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m sau m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K2O nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh; Zn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng Zn2 +, v\u00e0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cation n\u00e0y, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean 132,8 kg ha-1 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e1 Zn trong b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>B<\/em><em>\u1ea3<\/em><em>ng 2. S<\/em><em>\u1ed1<\/em><em>&nbsp;li<\/em><em>\u1ec7<\/em><em>u trung b<\/em><em>\u00ec<\/em><em>nh c<\/em><em>\u1ee7<\/em><em>a l<\/em><em>\u00e1<\/em><em>&nbsp;b<\/em><em>\u1eaf<\/em><em>p c<\/em><em>\u1ea3<\/em><em>i v<\/em><em>\u00e0<\/em><em>&nbsp;ph<\/em><em>\u00e2<\/em><em>n t<\/em><em>\u00ed<\/em><em>ch s<\/em><em>\u1ef1<\/em><em>&nbsp;<\/em><em>kh\u00e1c nhau<\/em><em>&nbsp;c<\/em><em>\u1ee7<\/em><em>a c<\/em><em>\u00e1<\/em><em>c ch<\/em><em>\u1ea5<\/em><em>t dinh d<\/em><em>\u01b0\u1ee1<\/em><em>ng&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3<\/em><em>c&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0111\u00e1<\/em><em>nh gi<\/em><em>\u00e1<\/em><em>&nbsp;theo ch<\/em><em>\u1ee9<\/em><em>c n<\/em><em>\u0103<\/em><em>ng c<\/em><em>\u1ee7<\/em><em>a ph<\/em><em>\u00e2<\/em><em>n b<\/em><em>\u00f3<\/em><em>n nit<\/em><em>\u01a1<\/em><em>&nbsp;v<\/em><em>\u00e0<\/em><em>&nbsp;kali.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-kali-a.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>N = li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1; K2O = li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxit kali; ns = kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3; \u201c**\u201d = c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t 1% c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p th\u1eed F; FN: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m F \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c li\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 N; FK: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m F cho c\u00e1c li\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 K; FNxK: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh F cho s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 N v\u00e0 K; C.V. (%) = h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean.<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-kali-b.png\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>B<\/em><em>\u1ea3<\/em><em>ng 1. M<\/em><em>\u1ee9<\/em><em>c&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0111\u1ed9<\/em><em>&nbsp;magi<\/em><em>\u00ea<\/em><em>&nbsp;trong l<\/em><em>\u00e1<\/em><em>&nbsp;b<\/em><em>\u1eaf<\/em><em>p c<\/em><em>\u1ea3<\/em><em>i (bi<\/em><em>\u1ec3<\/em><em>u&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0111\u1ed3<\/em><em>&nbsp;b<\/em><em>\u00ea<\/em><em>n tr<\/em><em>\u00e1<\/em><em>i) v<\/em><em>\u00e0<\/em><em>&nbsp;k<\/em><em>\u1ebd<\/em><em>m (bi<\/em><em>\u1ec3<\/em><em>u&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0111\u1ed3<\/em><em>&nbsp;b<\/em><em>\u00ea<\/em><em>n ph<\/em><em>\u1ea3<\/em><em>i) nh<\/em><em>\u01b0<\/em><em>&nbsp;m<\/em><em>\u1ed9<\/em><em>t ch<\/em><em>\u1ee9<\/em><em>c n<\/em><em>\u0103<\/em><em>ng c<\/em><em>\u1ee7<\/em><em>a ph<\/em><em>\u00e2<\/em><em>n b<\/em><em>\u00f3<\/em><em>n kali. M<\/em><em>\u1ed7<\/em><em>i&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0111<\/em><em>i<\/em><em>\u1ec3<\/em><em>m trong c<\/em><em>\u1ea3<\/em><em>&nbsp;hai&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0111\u1ed3<\/em><em>&nbsp;th<\/em><em>\u1ecb<\/em><em>&nbsp;l<\/em><em>\u00e0<\/em><em>&nbsp;trung b<\/em><em>\u00ec<\/em><em>nh c<\/em><em>\u1ee7<\/em><em>a 16 quan s<\/em><em>\u00e1<\/em><em>t. Thanh&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0111\u1ea1<\/em><em>i di<\/em><em>\u1ec7<\/em><em>n cho sai s<\/em><em>\u1ed1<\/em><em>&nbsp;ti<\/em><em>\u00ea<\/em><em>u chu<\/em><em>\u1ea9<\/em><em>n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 K&gt; Ca&gt; N&gt; S&gt; Mg&gt; P, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 (b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n N v\u00e0 K). Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 Mn&gt; Fe&gt; B&gt; Zn&gt; Cu. C\u00e1c m\u1ee9c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00e2m v\u1ecb h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi [15], ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u1ee9c K tr\u00ean l\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c N. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i lai hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 Ca trong l\u00e1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 N, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1edfi [3], ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Ber\u00e7a, Mendon\u00e7a v\u00e0 Souza (2019) [16] \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u0129 m\u00f4 trong l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i khi thu ho\u1ea1ch. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u00e2n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 N&gt; K&gt; Ca&gt; S&gt; Mg&gt; P, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u00e2n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 Fe&gt; Mn&gt; Cu&gt; Zn&gt; B. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau, ki\u1ec3u gen), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m; tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t b\u1edfi Ber\u00e7a, Mendon\u00e7a v\u00e0 Souza (2019) [16] v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 do th\u1eddi gian<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i. Trong c\u1ea3 hai th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N, Ca v\u00e0 K, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Fe v\u00e0 Mn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i t\u00edch l\u0169y nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sinh tr\u1eafc h\u1ecdc b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i (chi\u1ec1u cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n N kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, N cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong \u0111\u1ea5t [17], trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 36,33 g dm-3, che \u0111i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n N. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: K b\u00f3n (p &lt;0,05) (B\u1ea3ng 3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3ng 3. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh sinh tr\u1eafc c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 kali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-kali-d.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>N = li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nit\u01a1; K2O = li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxit kali; ns = kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3; \u201c*\u201d V\u00e0 \u201c**\u201d = c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t 5 v\u00e0 1% theo ph\u00e9p th\u1eed F, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng; FN: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m F \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c li\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 N; FK: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m F cho c\u00e1c li\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 K; FNxK: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh F cho s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 N v\u00e0 K; C.V. (%) = h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean. CML = kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u00e1; CCH = kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u00e1 (\u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K theo ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1eadc hai (H\u00ecnh 2). Chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i (11,56 cm) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 128 kg ha-1 K2O. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K2O sau \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ban \u0111\u1ea7u (0 kg ha-1 c\u1ee7a K) l\u00e0 14,84 cm v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m kho\u1ea3ng 0,0039 cm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i kg K2O \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f3n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ha. Chu vi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 49,26 cm v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i kho\u1ea3ng 0,0113 cm cho m\u1ed7i kg K2O b\u00f3n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K2O t\u1ed1i \u0111a (128 kg ha-1) cho chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i (11,56 cm); tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K2O \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n K \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (KCl) [18], ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed do s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-kali-e.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-kali-g.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh 2. Chi\u1ec1u cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu vi c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n kali. M\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5m l\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 16 quan s\u00e1t. Thanh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho l\u1ed7i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u00e1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1) b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eadc hai (H\u00ecnh 3). Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 (1,42 kg) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (1,23 kg) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K2O l\u00e0 128 v\u00e0 123 kg ha-1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-kali-h.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>H\u00ecnh 3. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00e1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m (\u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e1 li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1) l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n kali<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i v\u1edbi N c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 m\u00f9a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng [19] v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng [5]. Moreira v\u00e0 Vidigal (2011) [20] \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i khi t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m; tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec1u N v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 300 kg ha-1, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 1,13 kg \u1edf li\u1ec1u 277,8 kg ha-1 c\u1ee7a N, g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 150 kg ha-1 c\u1ee7a N \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 1,09 kg (B\u1ea3ng 3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;N li\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Aquino et al. (2005) [1] quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i cao h\u01a1n \u1edf li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao nh\u1ea5t (300 kg ha-1) v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 0,8 \u00d7 0,3 m. Vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y trong khu v\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c tr\u1ed3ng rau. Fontan\u00e9tti v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. (2006) [21] ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i n\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y gai d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung 20 t\u1ea5n ha-1 ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbt, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng N c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi K v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu h\u1ed3i K t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t cao do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e1 cao. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 123 kg ha-1 li\u1ec1u K2O. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Ribas et al. (2015) [22] trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n K \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong \u0111\u1ea5t (K = 129 mg.dm-3), t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (K = 138 mg.dm-3, B\u1ea3ng 1), \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t (p&gt; 0,05) v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i, ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u00f3n 360 kg ha-1 K2O. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1edfi Ribas et al. (2015) [22] v\u00e0 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 K \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u K, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi KCl l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p K) v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cation kh\u00e1c (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 canxi v\u00e0 magi\u00ea), do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng do r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb li\u1ec1u N \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f9a v\u1edbi rau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhu c\u1ea7u N c\u1ee7a b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi K, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u (p &lt;0,05), cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng K trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n K b\u00f3n. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau v\u1ee5 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i (ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u K).&nbsp;<em>A.C.M.M. Silva v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, Scientia Plena 17, 010201 (2021) 8<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng N c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mg tr\u00ean l\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 88 kg ha-1 K2O v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 88 kg ha-1, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mg tr\u00ean l\u00e1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c Zn tr\u00ean l\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m sau 133 kg ha-1 K2O. Vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n K2O t\u1eeb 88 \u0111\u1ebfn 133 kg ha-1 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mg v\u00e0 Zn l\u1edbn h\u01a1n trong l\u00e1 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i. Sinh kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 (1,42 kg) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m (1,23 kg) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 128 v\u00e0 123 kg ha-1 K2O. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 123- 128 kg ha-1 K2O s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Mg v\u00e0 Zn t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i cao.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-item\" data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;woocommerce-accordion-item-2&quot;,&quot;openByDefault&quot;:false}\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initIsOpen\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-header\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header accordion-item__heading is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-header-is-layout-flow\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-2-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-2\" class=\"accordion-item__toggle\"><span><strong>Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"accordion-item__toggle-icon has-icon-plus\" style=\"width:1.2em;height:1.2em\"><svg width=\"1.2em\" height=\"1.2em\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M11 12.5V17.5H12.5V12.5H17.5V11H12.5V6H11V11H6V12.5H11Z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-2\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"woocommerce-accordion-item-2-panel\" role=\"region\" data-block-name=\"woocommerce\/accordion-panel\" data-is-selected=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel\"><div class=\"accordion-content__wrapper is-layout-flow wp-block-woocommerce-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u0129 m\u00f4 &#8211; P (ph\u1ed1t pho)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-p.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Supe&nbsp; L\u00e2m Thao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/San%20pham\/NPK%20-%20S%20(02)\/10_PH%C3%82N%20B%C3%93N%20NPK-S%20L%C3%82M%20THAO%208-7-3%2B8S%20(a)-01.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/486-phan-bon-npk-s-lam-thao-8-7-38s\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u0129 m\u00f4 K- Kali<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/Bap-cai-Kali.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Supe&nbsp; L\u00e2m Thao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/San%20pham\/NPK%20-%20S%20(02)\/9_PH%C3%82N%20B%C3%93N%20NPK-S%20L%C3%82M%20THAO%2012-3-10%2B7S%20(a)-01.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/489-phan-bon-npk-s-lam-thao-12-3-107s\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u0129 m\u00f4 Ca (Canxi)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/thieu-canxi.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Supe&nbsp; L\u00e2m Thao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/San%20pham\/NPK%20-%20S%20(02)\/10_PH%C3%82N%20B%C3%93N%20NPK-S%20L%C3%82M%20THAO%208-7-3%2B8S%20(a)-01.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/486-phan-bon-npk-s-lam-thao-8-7-38s\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u0129 m\u00f4 &#8211; Mg (magi\u00ea)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap%20cai%20Mg.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Supe L\u00e2m Thao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/San%20pham\/NPK%20-%20S%20(02)\/8_PH%C3%82N%20B%C3%93N%20NPK-S%20L%C3%82M%20THAO%2012-3-13%2B8S%20(a)-01.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/488-phan-bon-npk-s-lam-thao-12-3-138s\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u0129 m\u00f4 &#8211; S (l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap%20cai%20luuhuynh.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Supe L\u00e2m Thao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"http:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/486-phan-bon-npk-s-lam-thao-8-7-38s\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/San%20pham\/NPK%20-%20S%20(02)\/10_PH%C3%82N%20B%C3%93N%20NPK-S%20L%C3%82M%20THAO%208-7-3%2B8S%20(a)-01.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng &#8211; Fe (s\u1eaft)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-fe.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/San%20pham\/NPK%20-%20S%20(02)\/11_PH%C3%82N%20B%C3%93N%20NPK-S%20L%C3%82M%20THAO%208-10-3%2B9S%20(a)-01.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/479-phan-bon-npk-s-lam-thao-8-10-39s\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng &#8211; Mn (mangan)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/Bap-cai-Mn.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Supe L\u00e2m Thao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/San%20pham\/NPK%20-%20S%20(01)\/1_PH%C3%82N%20B%C3%93N%20NPK-S%20M1%20L%C3%82M%20THAO%2012-5-10%2B4S%20(a)-01.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/san-pham\/484-phan-bon-npk-sm1-lam-thao-12-5-1014s\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng &#8211; B (bo)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/bap-cai-B.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u1eafp c\u1ea3i: Vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng &#8211; Mo (molypden)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/Cay-trong\/Bap-cai-cam-chuoi-mia\/Bap%20cai%20thieu%20Mo.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Supe L\u00e2m Thao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/userfiles\/images\/San%20pham\/NPK%20-%20S%20(01)\/1_PH%C3%82N%20B%C3%93N%20NPK-S%20M1%20L%C3%82M%20THAO%2012-5-10%2B4S%20(a)-01.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e2y c\u1ea3i b\u1eafp (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata), thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 (Cruciferae), c\u00f3 t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Cabbage, Head Cabbage. C\u1ea3i b\u1eafp [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":286,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=783"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/783\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":784,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/783\/revisions\/784"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}