{"id":744,"date":"2025-10-08T10:30:43","date_gmt":"2025-10-08T10:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/?p=744"},"modified":"2025-10-08T10:30:46","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T10:30:46","slug":"huong-dan-cham-soc-cay-na","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/?p=744","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y na"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Na, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u ta, m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u na, m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u dai\/giai, sa l\u00ea, phan l\u1ec7 chi, (danh ph\u00e1p hai ph\u1ea7n: Annona squamosa), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i thu\u1ed9c chi Na (Annona) c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u1edf v\u00f9ng ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 do hi\u1ec7n nay n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Caribe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, qu\u1ea3 na \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 na dai v\u00e0 na b\u1edf d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 (s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00fai v\u1edbi v\u1ecf v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00fai v\u1edbi nhau).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na dai c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0103n ng\u1ecdt, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 n\u00e1t, d\u1ec5 b\u00f3c v\u1ecf,[6] m\u00fai na nh\u1eb1n d\u1ec5 tr\u00f3c ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed9t v\u00e0 m\u00fai c\u0169ng dai h\u01a1n.[7] Qu\u1ea3 na dai c\u00f3 v\u1ecf m\u1ec1m, m\u00e0u xanh, th\u1ecbt tr\u1eafng l\u1ea1i \u00edt h\u1ea1t. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, na dai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n b\u1edfi m\u00f9i th\u01a1m v\u00e0 v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt s\u1eafc n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi na b\u1edf.[8]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Huy\u1ec7n Chi L\u0103ng (L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 “v\u1ef1a na” l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01a1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 2 khu v\u1ef1c tr\u1ed3ng na n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng: na b\u1edf \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ed3ng M\u1ecf v\u00e0 na dai khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ed3ng B\u00e0nh.[6]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00f3 m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u dai hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u C\u1ea5p (m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u V\u0169ng T\u00e0u). M\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u dai ch\u1eafc, nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecbt, \u00edt h\u1ed9t, v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 th\u01a1m ngon h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u C\u1ea5p c\u00f3 v\u1ecf x\u00f9 x\u00ec, m\u00fai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m v\u00e0 v\u1ecb chua ng\u1ecdt r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y na<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 2 gi\u1ed1ng na ch\u00ednh, l\u00e0 Custard Apple v\u00e0 Pinks M\u01b0ammoth (hay Hallary White). Na l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 na dai v\u00e0 na b\u1edf. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u00f9i v\u1ecb ri\u00eang, m\u00e0u v\u1ecf ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 50 gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng sau: Na (m\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00ec qu\u1ea3 th\u01a1m ngon, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e9t, c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng na dai r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u01b0a th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e3ng c\u1ea7u xi\u00eam tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 gai, qu\u1ea3 to h\u01a1n qu\u1ea3 na, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb chua ng\u1ecdt, th\u01a1m. N\u00ea tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung, qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh tim, v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb5n, c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecf \u0103n chua, kh\u00f4ng ngon. B\u00ecnh b\u00e1t m\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf k\u00eanh, r\u1ea1ch v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc, qu\u1ea3 \u00edt khi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng trong h\u1ecd na \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u00fang cho c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a na th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh m\u1eb9 (c\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc). Tr\u00ean t\u00e1n c\u00e2y ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e0nh cho qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. M\u00f9a hoa n\u1edf n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p h\u1ea1n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec \u0111\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. T\u1eeb hoa n\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn trong kho\u1ea3ng 90 – 100 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na th\u00edch kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea5m \u00e1p, k\u00e9m ch\u1ecbu r\u00e9t. Na kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9n \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi 1 m, t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t d\u00e0y tr\u00ean 1 m. \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00e1t s\u1ecfi, \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ecbt n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1ecf s\u00f2 h\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c na.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i chung c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i na ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m ch\u1ecbu \u00fang, tr\u1eeb c\u00e2y b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na r\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i. Na kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu chua, \u0111\u1ed9 pH th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 6 – 7. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c < 15 \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ecfi c\u01a1m l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gieo h\u1ea1t: Ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3. Ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea3 \u1edf ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1n, qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh v\u1ee5. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eadp nh\u1eb9 cho n\u1ee9t v\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea5y c\u00e1t kh\u00f4 cho v\u00e0o t\u00fai ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t cho th\u1ee7ng v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1t nhanh n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eadu qu\u1ea3, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t v\u1ecf v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3\u2026 n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebft c\u00e0nh, gi\u00e2m c\u00e0nh, gh\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gh\u00e9p: Gh\u00e9p m\u1eaft v\u00e0 gh\u00e9p c\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. G\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p d\u00f9ng c\u00e2y gieo b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, hay d\u00f9ng c\u00e2y b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t, c\u00e2y n\u00ea\u2026 Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t 8 – 10 mm l\u00e0 gh\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eaft gh\u00e9p l\u1ea5y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1. N\u1ebfu g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u00e0 m\u00e0 l\u00e1 ch\u01b0a r\u1ee5ng th\u00ec c\u1eaft phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1ng, 2 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 sau cu\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd r\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 gh\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng: H\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u1ed3ng 2 v\u1ee5, v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n th\u00e1ng 2 – 3, v\u1ee5 thu th\u00e1ng 8 – 9. \u1ede mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a (th\u00e1ng 4 – 5).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ed1 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 0,5 m, s\u00e2u 0,5m v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 2 x 3m, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng 1.400 – 1.600 c\u00e2y\/ha, trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 1.500 c\u00e2y\/ha. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng xen v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thu l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t khi qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf m\u1eaft, v\u1ecf qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng xanh, h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 k\u00e8m theo 1 \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1ng \u0111em v\u1ec1 d\u1ea5m trong v\u00e0i ba ng\u00e0y qu\u1ea3 m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u00f9a na ch\u00edn t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 6 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9, \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam thu ho\u1ea1ch s\u1edbm h\u01a1n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n NPK-S L\u00e2m Thao cho c\u00e2y Na<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. B\u00f3n l\u00f3t<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/td>                          H\u1ed1 (kg)<\/td> ha (t\u1ea5n)<\/td>      \u0110\u1ea5t chua<\/td><\/tr>
    B\u00f3n L\u00f3t<\/strong><\/td>Ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/td>20-30<\/td> 30-24<\/td>V\u00f4i b\u1ed9t<\/td>0,5 kg\/<\/td><\/tr>
    NPK-SPM*M1 <\/a>5-10-3+8S<\/a><\/td>0,3 – 0,4 kg<\/td>           750 kg\/ha<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (1-3 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n