{"id":632,"date":"2025-10-08T08:19:36","date_gmt":"2025-10-08T08:19:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/embedai.cloud\/?p=632"},"modified":"2025-10-08T08:19:38","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T08:19:38","slug":"huong-dan-cham-soc-cay-san","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/?p=632","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e2y s\u1eafn"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn – t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho c\u00e2y s\u1eafn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eafn (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc) hay khoai m\u00ec (c\u1ee7 m\u00ec) (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef mi\u1ec1n Nam, s\u1eafn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 c\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eadu) (danh ph\u00e1p hai ph\u1ea7n: Manihot esculenta; t\u00ean trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c: cassava, tapioca, yuca, mandioca, manioc, maniok, singkong, ubi kayu, aipim, macaxeir, kappa, maracheeni) l\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0103n c\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u n\u0103m, thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd \u0110\u1ea1i k\u00edch (Euphorbiaceae).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n L\u00e2m Thao cho c\u00e2y s\u1eafn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y l\u1edbn, n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, thu gom h\u1ebft g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y, r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2y s\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. S\u1eafn l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 canh t\u00e1c du canh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng canh, s\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e2y s\u1eafn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p thu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1 cao, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a s\u1eafn, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c do c\u00e2y s\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t sau khi tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a v\u00e0 trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn cho th\u1ea5y, \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, v\u00ec th\u1ebf mu\u1ed1n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e8o H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n tr\u1edf ra, c\u00e2y s\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf v\u1ee5 xu\u00e2n, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch, thu ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12; \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft th\u00e1ng 4; ngo\u00e0i ra, \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i c\u00f2n tr\u1ed3ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y l\u1edbn, n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, thu gom h\u1ebft g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y, r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i. Sau \u0111\u00f3 chia ru\u1ed9ng tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn ra th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n \u0111i l\u1ea1i khi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch. L\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo chi\u1ec1u ngang d\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf x\u00f3i m\u00f2n. D\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd ngang c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u0103ng ch\u1eafn x\u00f3i m\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y ph\u00e2n xanh, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ecf hay x\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e1. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00e0y b\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u01b0a to k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Nh\u1eefng khu \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 d\u1ed1c, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00e0y b\u1eeba, khi tr\u1ed3ng, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1c h\u1ed1 theo \u0111\u00fang m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t tr\u1ed3ng th\u01b0a h\u01a1n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 0,95 x 0,95 m, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 11.080 c\u00e2y\/ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 1 x 1 m, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 10.000 c\u00e2y\/ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho s\u1eafn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n N-P-K th\u00edch h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n cho s\u1eafn l\u00e0 1-0,5-1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho 1 ha tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

+ M\u1ee9c th\u00e2m canh trung b\u00ecnh (kg\/ha): 80 N + 40 P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>+ 80 K2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n\n\n\n

+ M\u1ee9c th\u00e2m canh cao (kg\/ha): 160 N + 80 P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>+ 160 K2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f3n l\u00f3t: T\u00f9y theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u00e9t cao (th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m lu\u1ed1ng), b\u00f3n l\u00f3t ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng, NPK-S*M1 5-10-3+8S v\u00e0 b\u00f3n theo h\u00e0ng, r\u00e3nh hay theo h\u1ed1c; c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t hom s\u1eafn. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi nh\u1eb9 (th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ed3ng theo h\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00ean lu\u1ed1ng), b\u00f3n l\u00f3t ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 NPK-S*M1 5-10-3+8S L\u00e2m Thao c\u00e1ch h\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t hom s\u1eafn kho\u1ea3ng 15 – 20 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ki\u1ec7n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ed1c m\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng (ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1) b\u00f3n cho s\u1eafn n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n ph\u00e2n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p NPK-S theo quy tr\u00ecnh b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00e9p k\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n NPK-S L\u00e2m Thao theo quy tr\u00ecnh b\u00f3m ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00e9p k\u00edn cho c\u00e2y s\u1eafn<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n NPK-S L\u00e2m Thao ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1m, l\u00e2n, kali c\u00f2n b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trung, vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2y s\u1eafn m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, can xi, ma gi\u00ea, silic\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

+ Ph\u00e2n NPK-S 5-10-3+8S d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n l\u00f3t. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e2y s\u1eafn c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5, t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e9t; trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u00e2y s\u1eafn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 kali \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

+ Ph\u00e2n NPK-S*M1  12-5-10+14S; NPK-S 10-5-12+14S ho\u1eb7c NPK-S 10-5-10+5S \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n th\u00fac v\u00ec \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau c\u00e2y s\u1eafn n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i chung c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh; ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e2n, l\u00e1; ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh l\u00e0m t\u0103ng sinh kh\u1ed1i. C\u00e2y s\u1eafn c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u kali \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e2y c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p, k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ra hoa, ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7, t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 b\u1ed9t. Nhu c\u1ea7u l\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u00f3n th\u00fac th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, n\u00ean t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 kali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n NPK-S L\u00e2m Thao cho c\u00e2y s\u1eafn cao s\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a. T\u00ednh cho 1 s\u00e0o B\u1eafc b\u1ed9 (kg\/360 m2<\/sup>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– B\u00f3n l\u00f3t: 200 – 300 kg ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 13 – 15 kg NPK-S*M1  5-10-3+8S (tr\u1ed9n hai lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi nhau r\u1ed3i b\u00f3n v\u00e0o h\u1ed1c).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 1 (sau tr\u1ed3ng 45 – 60 ng\u00e0y): 17 – 20 kg NPK-S*M1  12-5-10+14S ho\u1eb7c 10-5-12+5S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 2 (sau tr\u1ed3ng 75 – 90 ng\u00e0y): 17 – 20 kg NPK- S*M1  12-5-10+14S ho\u1eb7c 10-5-12+5S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b. T\u00ednh cho 1 s\u00e0o Trung b\u1ed9 (kg\/500 m2<\/sup>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– B\u00f3n l\u00f3t: 280 – 420 kg ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 18 – 20 kg NPK-S*M1  5-10-3+8S (Tr\u1ed9n hai lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi nhau r\u1ed3i b\u00f3n v\u00e0o h\u1ed1c).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 1 (sau tr\u1ed3ng 45 – 60 ng\u00e0y): 23 – 28 kg NPK-S*M1 12-5-10+14S ho\u1eb7c 10-5-12+5S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– B\u00f3n th\u00fac l\u1ea7n 2 (sau tr\u1ed3ng 75 – 90 ng\u00e0y): 23 – 28 kg NPK- S*M1 12-5-10+14S ho\u1eb7c 10-5-12+5S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n NPK-S L\u00e2m Thao tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean cho c\u00e2y s\u1eafn s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 80 – 90% n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng s\u1eafn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn – t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho c\u00e2y s\u1eafn S\u1eafn (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc) hay khoai […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":633,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-632","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cay-luong-thuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/632","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=632"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/632\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":634,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/632\/revisions\/634"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/633"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=632"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=632"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/supelamthao.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}